Thursday, 9 April 2015

Abdullah bin Zubair (94 H)

A leader of the Caliphate of Ali ibn Abi Talib and the beginning of the Umayyad caliphate. She was the first baby born among immigrants in Medina. His father named Zubair Awwam and his mother, Asma bint Abu Bakr as-Siddiq. He is also the nephew and cousin of the Prophet Muhammad from his wife, Aisha bint Abu Bakr.


He was one of the "Four 'Ibadillah" (four people named Abdullah) of more than 30 people are known companions of the Prophet memorized the entire verses of the Qur'an, Three persons' other Ibadillah is Abdullah bin Abbas, Abdullah bin Umar bin Khattab, and Abdullah bin Amr bin Ash.


 
Ibn Zubair had known since the age of 12 years of war, when with his father participated in the battle of Yarmuk, and four years later returned accompanied his father, who became a member of Amr bin As troops in Egypt. Ibn Zubair also took part in the expedition of Abdullah bin Sa'd ibn Abi Sarh against the Byzantines in Africa. All of these events invite admiration the people of Medina to him.
 
At the time of Caliph Uthman, he sits as a member of the committee in charge of preparing the Qur'an. In the KhalifahAli bin Abi Talib, he was with Aisha set the pace to challenge the Caliph to demand settlement of Caliph Uthman murder case. This movement is supported by some of the figures, such as Ja'la bin Umayya of Yemen, Abdullah bin Amr Basra, Sa'ad bin As, and Wahid bin Uqbah (the Umayyad leader in Hedzjaz) and some senior companions (Ubaidullah ibn Talhah and Zubayr ibn al-Awam ), and his father. Disputes between the group and the group is in power resolved Ali in the Battle of the Camel (Waqiah al-Jamal). In this war he witnessed his father's fall. Called the Battle of the Camel because Aisha riding a camel while leading the troops.


 
Ibn Zubair back against the Umayyad dynasty. Although in the past Mu'awiya bin Abi Sufyan form of resistance is not yet open, it appears to challenge the caliphate (government) Umayyads openly. He protested against Yazid, son of Mu'awiya, who rose to the caliph on the appointment of his father after his father died. Yazid ordered guardian in Medina to force Ibn Zubair together Hussein bin Ali (grandson of the Prophet) and Abdullah ibn Umar that allegiance to him. Ibn Zubair and Hussein remained defiant. For security reasons, both of them moved to Mecca. He remained as a challenger to the caliph though Hussein, shortly thereafter, was killed by depressing the unequal battle in Karbala.
 
Statement publicly, that the rule of Yazid unauthorized bring widespread influence among ansar in Medina which eventually led to rebellion. After waiting for a good opportunity, Yazid Syrian troops deployed under the leadership of Muslim bin Uqbah and quell the uprising of the people of Medina in the Battle of Harran. Muslim ibn Uqbah death did not prevent the army to move toward Mecca with the goal to break the resistance of Ibn Zubair. The army besieged and bombarded the city of Mecca with stones and arrows burning fire that caused the Kaaba. News of the death of Caliph Yazid cause commander, Husain bin Numair, tried to persuade Ibn Zubair to be willing to join with them to return to Syria. Ibn Zubair refused persuasion by saying that he would remain in Mecca. Furthermore, he proclaimed himself as amirulmukminin. Although the proclamation was nothing more than just a name, but opponents of the Umayyad dynasty in Syria, Egypt, South Arabia, and Kufa was appreciated as caliph.


 
After Mu'awiyah's son and successor of Yazid died, Ibn Zubair emerged as a candidate for the support of Bani Qais caliph. In addition there are other candidates, namely, Marwan bin Haqam (Bani support Qalb) and two Arab tribes living in Syria, also competing nominate candidates respectively. However, Ibn Zubair cornered when map political power to change, due to the uprising in Kufa and
deserter among his followers, after Yazid died. Siege brings death occurs when Hajjaj bin Yusuf al-Saqafi commissioned by the Caliph Abdul Malik bin Marwan, son of Marwan bin Hakam, to finish the fight "The Challenger Six Caliph" - from Ali, Mu'awiya, Yazid, Mu'awiya, Marwan bin Hakam , until Abdul Malik.

Not less than seven months required to bombard the holy city of Mecca and the Kaaba with the bombardment forces to cripple al-Hajjaj Ibn Zubair resistance. He survived when her sons to surrender to al-Hajjaj. 
Compulsion bounce back after a short encounter with a mother who has been blind, which prompted him to give a morale. Whereas before, he had told his mother worry, that his body would be treated brutally by the killers later. His mother said that the goat that was killed was a little too will feel the incisions in the meat. Answer is pushed out of the house where he survived, advanced into the midst of his opponent who then ambushed and finish. His body was placed on the same gallows where his brother, Amr, have experienced similar things. On the orders of Abdul Malik, his body was handed over to his mother. Not long ago, after burying his son, he died in 94 H.

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